Created by:
NUR AZIZAH (15222034)
3A
English Education Program
Faculty of Social Science, Language, and Literature Education
Institut Pendidikan Indonesia
2018
PREFACE
Alhamdulillah, all the praises to Allah SWT, the creator of this universe, the Lord of all creatures. Blessing and Peace be upon to our Last Prophet Muhammad SAW, his families, his friends and his followers forever. By the God’s will and kindness, the researcher has been able to finish this paper to fullfilment an assignment of Teaching Media.
The writer tried to arrange this paper as good as possible, although it can be realized that there is no tusk without cracking. Therefore, the researcher would greatly appreciate constructive comments, corrections, and suggestions which would encourage her for a further study.
Finally, the writer hopes this paper would be useful, especially to her and generally to all the readers, amin.
Garut, 2018
The writer
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Education is necessary for everybody. Education is very vital, deprived of education no can lead a good life. Teaching and learning are the important element in education. The teacher use different approaches and substantial to teach their students and their active learning. With the passage of time, altered methods and techniques are entered in the field of education and teacher use different kind of aids to make effective learning. Visual aids arouse the interest of learners and help the teachers to explain the concepts easily. Visual aids are those instructional aids which are used in the classroom to encourage students learning process. According to Burton “Visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and support learning”. Kinder, S. James; describe visual aids as “Visual aids are any devices which can be used to make the learning experience more real, more accurate and more active”.
In teaching English to children, the teacher should pay attention not only on how the right implementation the techniques used but also on how these techniques are suited to the elementary students’ characteristics. It is the target to create the teaching learning process more interesting to the children. Every teacher wants to run the teaching learning process effectively. The use of media is aimed to enable the students to get the lesson and give an enjoyable atmosphere in classroom to encourage the students’ motivation and students’ interest to the lesson.
Pictures are very helpful media especially to avoid misunderstanding of the questions since the students can relate the questions to the pictures given. Pictures have an important role in the understanding of meaning. They give illustration of something and make it clear. Pictures are used to help students to understand and comprehend something clearly and easily.
Research question
- What is the definition of picture?
- What are the benefits of visual aids: picture in learning process?
- What is the effectiveness of visual aids in students learning process?
Purpose of the research
- To know the definition of picture.
- To know the benefits of visual aids: picture in the students learning process.
- To know the effectiveness of visual aids: picture in students learning process.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- The definition of picture
Pictures as a part of visual aids are used as a technique in teaching English vocabulary at elementary schools. Pictures that can be sketches, drafts, graphs, comic, poster, cartoon, board drawing, picture in newspapers, magazines, posters, family photograph, calendars, wall chart, Slides, diagrams and maps are widely used as media. According to Webster, picture is an image or likeness of an object, person, scene, reproduced, on flat surface, especially by painting, of photography; a metal image or impression; an idea. (Webster, 1983:1357) Pictures can be used to explain the meaning of vocabulary items. Virginia French says that for helping students to understand the meaning of a word, a picture is useful. (Virginia French, 1983)
In teaching and learning process, the role of using pictures as media has become the best choice in teaching English especially in vocabulary to the elementary students. Pictures are important to help the students in learning English vocabulary and memorizing the meanings. Ur says that visual have an important function as aids to learning simply because they attract student’s attention and help encourage them to focus on the subject in hand. (Ur, 1948: 30) Wright states that pictures can play a key role in motivating students contextualizing the language they are using, giving them a reference and helping to discipline the activity. (Wright, 1989:2).Wright states some roles for pictures in speaking and writing
a. Pictures can motivate students and make him or her want to pay attention and take apart.
b. Pictures contribute to the context in which language is being used.
c. Pictures can be described in an objective way or interpreted or responded subjectively.
d. Pictures can cue responses to questions or cue substitutions through controlled practice.
e. Pictures can stimulate and provide information to be referred to in conversation, discussion, and storytelling.
(Wright, 1989:17)
From the explanation above it can be seen that Pictures are useful to focus the students’ attention to imagine on what the text says. Pictures are not ambiguous; a picture should contain only what the word means. Using picture is also an effort to help students to understand and comprehend something clearly and easily. However, teaching using pictures have an important role in the understanding. It means that using picture can be a good technique in teaching English vocabulary to the children.
2. The effectiveness of visual aids: picture in students learning process
Learning is a complex process. It can be defined as a change in disposition; a relatively permanent change in behavior over time and this is brought about partly by knowledge. Learning can happen as an outcome of afresh attained skills, principles, perception, knowledge, facts, and new information at hand (Adeyanju, 1997). Learning can be reinforced with different teaching/learning resources because they stimulate, motivate as well as focus learners’ attention for a while during the instructional process. Visual aids arouse the interest of learners and help the teachers to explain the concepts easily. Visual aids are those instructional aids which are used in the classroom to encourage teaching learning process. As Singh (2005) defines: “Any devices which by sight and sound increase the individual s' practice, outside that attained through read labeled as an audio visual aids”. Visual aids are those instructional devices which are used in the classroom to encourage learning and make it easier and motivating. The material like models, charts, film strip, projectors, radio, television, maps etc. called instructional aids. (Rather, 2004).
Visual aids are effective tool that “invest the past with an air of actuality.” Visual aids distribute the learners with true knowledge, which detention their devotion and help in the understanding of the ancient marvels. They demand to the mind through the visual auditory senses. When we use visual aids as teaching aid, it is one of the aspects which root participation of students in the lesson because when students look at visual model or aid, it is measured as a kind of contribution. Also the uses of visual aids encourage the body movement and it may strengthen the control. Visual aids give chance to speakers to make a more professional and consistent performance. Visual aids are devices present unit of knowledge through auditory of visual stimuli both with a view to aid learning. They concretize the information to be obtainable and help in making learning practice apple real, active and vital. (Agun et al; 1977) Examples of learning resources include visual aids, audio aids, real objects and many others. Visual aids can be very useful in supportive a topic, and the amalgamation of both visual and audio stimuli is particularly effective since the two most important senses are involved (Burrow, 1986).
Based upon research outcomes, the effective use of visuals can decrease learning time, improve comprehension, enhance retrieval, and increase retention. Various types of visuals can be effective learning tools: photos, illustrations, icons, symbols, sketches, figures, and concept maps, to name only a few. Consider how memorable the visual graphics are in logos, for example. You recognize the brand by seeing the visual graphic, even before reading the name of the brand. This type of visual can be so effective that earlier this year Starbucks simplified their logo by dropping their printed name and keeping only the graphic image of the popularly referred to mermaid (technically, it’s a siren). I think we can safely assume that Starbucks Corporation must be keenly aware of how our brains have automatically and effortlessly committed their graphic image to memory.
3. The benefits of visual aids: picture in learning process
It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. This is true in a corporate learning classroom as much as anywhere else. To help learners really grasp a concept, consider incorporating drawings into your corporate trainings to visually represent the different theories, topics and areas of learning that are taught. Using visual facilitation and pre-drawn flip charts not only helps draw in learners (so to speak), but makes it easier for them to remember the concepts they’ve just learned. The simple pictures and the words about the topic offer an easy way for people to link the concept to the picture.
“I still remember the picture related to x and what I learned about it.” Learners say the visual pieces around the room help them remember key concepts.
Words are abstract and rather difficult for the brain to retain, whereas visuals are concrete and, as such, more easily remembered. To illustrate, think about your past school days of having to learn a set of new vocabulary words each week. You can thank your brain’s amazing visual processor for your ability to easily remember life experiences. Your brain memorized these events for you automatically and without you even realizing what it was doing.
So powerful is visual learning that I embrace it in my teaching and writing. Each page in the psychology textbooks I coauthor has been individually formatted to maximize visual learning. Each lecture slide I use in class is presented in a way to make the most of visual learning. I believe the right visuals can help make abstract and difficult concepts more tangible and welcoming, as well as make learning more effective and long lasting. This is why I scrutinize every visual I use in my writing and teaching to make sure it is paired with content in a clear, meaningful manner.
CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION
English is an international language. As we know that English is a way to get through the international communication in globalization era. It is spoken by many people all over the world. English is also a key to open doors to scientific and technical knowledge which is needed for the economic, politic, social, culture, tourism and many other fields. Another fact of the importance of English is a top requirement of those seeking jobs, because many occupations require people who have an English competence. From the facts above, it is obvious that everybody needs English to greet the global era.
Visual aids are tools that help to make an issue or lesson clearer or easier to understand and know (pictures, models, charts, maps, videos, slides, real objects etc.). There are many visual aids available these days. We may classify these aids as follows; visual aids are which use sense of vision is called Visual aids. For example :- models, actual objects, charts, pictures, maps, flannel board, flash cards, bulletin board, chalkboard, slides, overhead projector etc. Out of these black board and chalk are the commonest ones. The challenges of classroom instruction increases when prescribed a course to the class while course books (textbooks) are constituted with too many interactive expertise activities. Most significantly, it has converted a common phenomenon to integrate textbooks with audio visual aids as additional or supplementary resource for classroom course learning activities. Visual aids are important in education system. Visual aids are those devices which are used in classrooms to encourage students learning process and make it easier and interesting. Visual aids are the best tool for making teaching effective and the best dissemination of knowledge.
REFERENCES
Wenden, A and Rubin. J. 1998. Leaner Strategies in English Learning. New York: Prentice Hall International.
Wright, Andrew. 1997. Picture for language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wright, Tony. 1987. Roles of Teacher and Learners. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ytreberg, Lisbet
H. Wendy A. Scott. 1998. Teaching English to Children. Addison Wesley Longman Limited.
Nunan, David. 1991. Language Teaching Methodology. London: Prentice Hall International.
Sudjana, Dr . H. Nana. 1996. Cara Belajar Siswa Aktif Dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar. Bandung : Sinar Baru Algesindo.
Adeyanju, J. L, (1987) Creativity Learning and Learning Styles. Isola Ola & Sons: Zaria.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar